Ecological Impacts Of Climate Change - 1855 Words

Ecological Impacts of Climate Change Introduction Industrialization resulted in a significant number of the human population shifting from the traditional ways of artisanship to production and manufacturing as a way to earn a living. The standards of living were improved as the population increased resulting in the clearing of more forests to create land for settlement. However, little considerations were made on the impact that the carbon emissions from the industries and the cutting down of trees would have on the ecosystem. The global temperatures began to rise steadily in a phenomenon referred to as global warming. Therefore, global warming can be referred to as the rise in temperature due to the high carbon emissions that form a†¦show more content†¦Climate change has also had a negative impact on the aquatic life. For instance, fish normally thrive and reproduce in cool waters. Global warming results in a very high rise in temperatures; however, the effect is not normally felt since water covers more than two-thirds o f the earth’s surface and therefore absorbs much of the rise in temperature. The Ocean temperatures have therefore risen to very high levels that are not conducive for reproduction of fish; this has resulted in a significant reduction in the population of fish species with others becoming extinct while others try to migrate to regions where ocean temperatures are lower (Harley et al., 2006). The reduction in the population of fish has resulted in a great imbalance in the ecosystem and food chain as other ocean creatures that would feed on fish have to look for other predators or also die. The high carbon emissions into the atmosphere result in an upsurge in the carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere. Approximately one-third of the carbon dioxide emitted is absorbed by the Oceans resulting in the acidification of the Oceans due to an upsurge in pH levels (Kleypas et al., 2005). The reaction of carbon dioxide with water results in the production of an acid. Acidification of the Oceans affects the corals, as they are unable to absorb the calcium carbonate that is needed to sustain their skeletons. Additionally, most of theShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Ecological And Climate Change On Europe1614 Words   |  7 PagesWhat was the impact of ecological and climate change on Europe between c.1500 and c.1650? Early Modern Europe started at the beginning of the 15th century and is a period which characterized by prodigious discoveries and inventions. It was also a period of great changes, hardship and wars that paved the way towards the Modern World and the industrial revolution. If the end of this period is often seen as one of intense human advancement especially in term of the arts, humanities and socialRead MoreScience : Our Ecosystem And Environmental Systems Are Being Disrupted1209 Words   |  5 PagesUnderlying science: Our ecosystem and environmental systems are being disrupted. The human race may be reaching carrying capacity on Earth. o Ecological collapse: when an ecological system suffers drastic change reducing the carrying capacity for all organisms (Ecological Collapse, 2014) o Climate Change: measurable persisting changes within a climate (Climate Change Basics, 2014) o Peak Oil: when oil production reaches a point from which it will continually decline. We are currently at peak oil (PolandRead MoreThe Legal Effect Of Critical Habitat Designation1239 Words   |  5 Pagesof listed species or ‘adversely modify’ their critical habitat.†[3] The key issues surrounding such designation vary considerably, ranging from; difficulties in habitat selection associated with the displacement of wildlife (i.e. due to global climate change), and ambiguity pertaining to the implementation of designations. FWS have voiced concern for the efficacy of critical habitat designations, stating that they act to â€Å"distract from higher-priority work†, while insignificantly affecting the protectionRead MoreThe Phenomenon of Compelled Migration Essay examples1602 Words   |  7 PagesEnvironmental migrants. A way to recognition. At present the problems connected with ecological and natural disasters and accidents become more and more relevant and actual. A natural disaster can negatively influence all the spheres of human life. The phenomenon of compelled migration is one of the main effects of such a bad impact. The problems connected with deterioration of environment are complicated and differ greatly from the problems we used to solve. When we speak about the solution ofRead MoreThe Potential Relationship Between Human Activity and Climate Change1348 Words   |  6 PagesThe Potential Relationship Between Human Activity and Climate Change The idea of global warming has been around for over one hundred years, but in recent decades climate change has become a serious threat to national security. To better understand, global warming is defined as the gradual increase in the overall temperature of the earths atmosphere, generally recognized as the greenhouse effect, and is caused by increased levels of carbon dioxide, CFCs, and other pollutants, also known as greenhouseRead MoreEnvironmental Impacts on UNICEF1581 Words   |  6 PagesEnvironmental impacts on UNICEF UNICEF is considered as an organization associated with g children and works for the protection, children development and protection in the world. It works in more than 155 countries and to improve vital elements such as, emergency relief, education HIV treatment, nutrition, immunization, and clean water and health systems. The main objective of UNICEF is to work together with communities to enhance children well being. It is a voluntary agency, which depends onRead MoreAnalyzing Anthropocentrism Ethic : A Case Study Of Climate Change1209 Words   |  5 PagesTopic: analyzing anthropocentrism ethic: a case study of climate change Climate change is one of the most serious phenomenon in environment issue. As in scientist, the excess production and emission of greenhouse gases are the main cause, and the hidden executor is us, the human beings (Cook, 2010). This essay is based on the reading of â€Å"Myth as a Site of Ecocritical Inquiry: Disrupting Anthropocentrism†, but further analyze on the relationship between human and nature and critical thinking of anthropocentrismRead MoreThe Church And Its Impact On The Environment1509 Words   |  7 Pagesenvironment, in compliance with Church teaching. The environment is quickly becoming one of the greatest topics of debate in modern times as the impacts of climate change and deforestation become more and more apparent to the world, and is arguably man’s next greatest ethical concern. Regardless of one’s stance on ecological issues it is hard to argue that a change in our behaviour isn’t needed to prevent future devastation. The Catholic Church has always to some degree supported environmentalism, andRead MoreContemporary Management Of Traditional Forest1274 Words   |  6 Pagesoffered for co-managing resources. Despite the popular assumption, Indian tribes have managed lands for thousands of years prior to Euro-American settlement. Tribal communities relied on traditional knowledge to sustain their livelihoods. Traditional ecological knowledge is passed down through generations, which include harvesting, use of fire, and sustaining livelihoods through the landscape and cultural practices. In recent years, traditional knowledge held by local and indigenous communities has gainRead MoreEssay on Carbon Footprint of Coca-Cola Company1402 Words   |  6 PagesCoca-Cola: Steps Toward a Greener Future Abstract: Global climate change is a critical, environmental issue plaguing our planet. Greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuels have skyrocketed since the beginnings of the Industrial Revolution thus contributing increases in average global temperature. Thus, numerous organizations and individuals have taken action to reduce their carbon footprints in order to lessen their impact on the environment. Coca–Cola, the ever-popular, soft-drink corporation

Pathophysiology Of Dementia And Alzheimers Disease

Pathophysiology: Dementia Dementia, also known as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), is a progressive, chronic, and degenerative. 60% of dementia occurs in people over the age of 65. Dementia causes loss of judgment, memory, change in personality, and visuospatial perception. Severe cognitive impairment can occur over time, as well as physical deterioration and death. The brain changes in size and weight as a person ages. There is also a narrowing of the gyri, enlargement of the ventricles, and widening of the cerebral sulci. In AD, these changes are accelerated, causing issues such as atrophy of the cerebral cortex and loss of cortical neurons. In addition, the pre-central gyrus of the frontal lobe, superior temporal gyrus, hippocampus, and substantia nigra are all affected. Changes in neurofibrillary tangles (tangled masses of fibrous tissue throughout the neurons) , amyloid-rich senile or neuritic plague (degenerating nerve terminals in the hippocampus which contain proteins that form neurotoxic plague in the brain) and granulovascular degeneration can all occur as well. Though the exact cause of AD is unknown, possible factors of cognitive impairment in older adults include neurologic, cardiovascular, pulmonary, metabolic, psychological, environmental causes, nutritional deficiencies, and drug toxicity. Signs Symptoms: Alzheimer Disease is staged based on symptoms. Early (Mild) or Stage I can last up to 4 years. 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(Health, 2014).This essay is going to discuss and explore what dementia is and the fourRead MoreA Brief Note On The Canadian Baby Boom Generation3320 Words   |  14 PagesDementia is one of the age-related disorders which commonly affect the aging elderly population (65 and over). In 2010, the approximate number of people who had dementia was 35.6 million and it is estimated to double every twenty years, to 65.7 million in 2030 and 115.4 million in 2050 respectively. The incidence of dementia every year is 7.7 million which equals to one new case every four seconds (World Health Organization [WHO], 2012). In 2011, the Canadian baby boom generation initially beganRead MoreA Look At Non Alzheimer s Disease1684 Words   |  7 PagesA Look At Non-Alzheimer’s Disease Dementias By Katie Bergstrom, PA-S ABSTRACT: The most common tendency in assessing patients who display signs of dementia is to evaluate them for Alzheimer’s Disease. This means that Vascular Dementia, Dementia with Lewy Bodies, and Parkinson’s Disease Dementia are conversely overlooked as possible diagnoses. Special attention to clinical presentation and the use of diagnostic tests (such as the MRI) and assessment scales (like the Mini Mental State Exam) aid inRead MoreManifestations of Dementia Essay1343 Words   |  6 PagesManifestations of Dementia Melinda Godfrey GNUR543 St. John Fisher College Mrs. Yowell is a 90-year-old woman who is a resident of a long-term care facility. She was alert and mentally quite capable until about a year ago when she began to manifest signs and symptoms of dementia. A review of her medical records failed to document a thorough analysis of her dementia, but a diagnosis of â€Å"probable Alzheimer disease† was recorded. What are the common manifestations of dementia? The definitionRead MoreAlzheimer s Disease : A Complete Look At The Onset And Progression Essay2369 Words   |  10 PagesAlzheimer s Disease - A Complete Look at the Onset and Progression Alzheimer s disease is a condition that affects the cognitive status of many people around the world regardless of wealth, ethnicity, intelligence or any other factor. A specific case study that demonstrates the destructive nature of the disease can be seen in the case of Akram. Akram was an 80-year-old female with a past medical history of hypertension, diverticulitis, transient ischemic attack (TIA), and diabetes. She had a historyRead MoreVarying Aspects of Alzheimer’s Disease and Implementations for Nursing Care1954 Words   |  8 PagesThis paper will provide an overview of Alzheimer’s disease. It will explore its etiology, pathophysiology, risk factors and their modification, diagnostic and medical treatment including pharmacology, health education, and nursing care of Alzheimer’s disease based off nursing literature. It will go into detail of a patient who has experienced Alzheimer’s for 11 years and their specialized plan of care including their m edical history, physical assessment, concept mapping, nursing diagnoses, and specific

Strategic business management and planning Free Essays

string(57) " given priority according to their place in the company\." Introduction 1. Milton Friedman and profit maximisation: â€Å"The Business of Business is Business† Employees are very use full tool in any organisation, they are the one who have the direct contact with the consumers / customers and through their skills (which are provided by the organisations) they communicate with customers by providing them the end product or services, who bring the cash flow and profit in the organisation. So then the organisation can accomplish its goals and objectives in order to flourish. We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic business management and planning or any similar topic only for you Order Now Organisations facilitate people with job opportunities then these people become the employee of that particular organisation, and then again organisations provide their employees the other relevant facilities like wages and job security, and in return these employees work hard and full fill the organisational responsibilities and help organisations to grow. This all process helps the society to retain its social balance. We can say organisations and businesses are helping the society by providing the job opportunities for the people so they can participate in their social responsibilities. But the main reason for any organisation to exist is to make profit and then more profit, by providing tangible or intangible products to their customers according to their needs, if the customers are satisfy with the products or with the services, the organisations or businesses will make profit. But if the customers are not satisfied with it they will go somewhere else in order to satisfy their needs and to get the better value for their money. Same thing apply to the employees of any organisation, if employees are very satisfy with the organisational facilities, they will become the loyal employees, work hard and feel like motivated and they help to achieve the organisational goals and objectives. But if the employees are not satisfied with facilities provided by any organisation or business, they will leave it and work somewhere else in order to be satisfy. 2. Charles Hendy’s Stakeholder view: Organisations use the shareholder’s (investors) money to start it or to do any business then it involves the suppliers who provide the raw materials, employees who work within the organisation and then the customers who buy the end product and bring the cash flow in the business. We can say it a cycle of investing, selling and bringing profit. So the shareholders can receive their money back with dividend. Shareholders always want the big chunk of the profits in dividends but the board of directors want to keep the most of the profit and pay less in dividends, so they enhance the organisation and reinvest in the business and try to become the leader or try to do better in future. Anybody who has any kind of interest with any organisation is called a stakeholder. It could be the individuals, groups or the different organisations as well if they are affected by it or affect the actions and decisions of the organisation. In very simple way we can say that, shareholders, employees, suppliers, customers, financial institutes, Government and society, all are stakeholders. Shareholders are always very interested in any kind of decision which effect that dividends that they receive from the profits, but any other decision which reduce the dividend even by a fiction, will not be popular with the shareholders. Employees are the best tool in any organisation in order to generate the profit, so the organisational views, goals and objects should be very clear to them. Suppliers always want to get the regular orders with punctual payment and it can easily effected by the decisions made by the organisations. Customers always want the better value for their money, they always be concerned by the organisational decisions which affect the quality and price of the end products. Financial institutes will try to influence the organisations to get big loans for long periods of time. Government will make new laws and passes the legislations which effects the business and also play a role in decision making. Societies and communities can be effected in many ways by the decision making for an organisation. 3. The new capitalists: There are many organisations and businesses around the world which are funded by the pensioner’s money. Government invest tax payer’s money in many different organisations, businesses and companies all over the world in order to support the pensioners in the society. In this way many times government play a part as a shareholder, when these companies make profits government take its dividend as a shareholder and pay to the pensioners. Conclusion: In first view, the employees are use full tool for generating and maximising the profit for organisations. Stakeholders are very important for any organisation in order to invest or run an organisation and to keep a balance within the society. But in my views an organisation should really serve the stakeholders, they are the one who invest in it, run it and then bring back the cash flow in the form of profit. Q. What are the implications of these differing views for Manager’s development of organisational strategy? A: managers are the agents of stake holders. They represent the stake holder’s needs, expectations, and values. Managers are the basic aspect of an organisation. The basic conflict raises the organisation when the agents, managers put their own views and values ahead of the stakeholder’s values and views and they try to demolish or violate their basic rights. If we keep in mind any of the view mentioned above , in any of the view the stakeholders might be different but they play and have an important role in an organisation, so their needs and expectations needs to be accomplished for the success and progress of the organisation. But some time these rights are violated when the managers put themselves ahead of the stakeholders. Organisations goals and objectives must be coordinated with the stakeholder’s needs and expectations, so that no conflict must rise and every one must be given priority according to their place in the company. You read "Strategic business management and planning" in category "Essay examples" Managers are the middle people, they stand in between the goals and objectives of the organization and the needs and expectations of the stakeholders. So the responsibility is on the shoulders of the managers to keep the balance in any of the view mentioned above. Q. â€Å"Stakeholders represent more challenges than opportunities†. Appraise the conflicting needs, power and influence of stakeholders. A: Stakeholder groups are not usually homogeneous, but contain a variety of subgroups with some-what different expectations and power. Most stakeholder group consist of large numbers of individuals (such as customers and stakeholders) and hence can be thought of largely independently of the expectations of individuals within the group. In some cases it consist of a small number of individuals or even single individual (the chairman of the company or minister of the government department). {Exploring corporate strategy; Text and Cases} Any individual or a group of individuals have any kind of interest in any organisation or business is called Stakeholder. These all stakeholders can have a very deep impact on the organisations through their different needs, demands, power and interest, organisations exists to make profits by satisfying the stakeholders. i.Shareholders ii. Employeeiii. Suppliers iv. Customersv. Financial Institutes vi. Government vii. Society Conflict and Influence: These all different groups of stakeholders have different kinds of interest in the organisations sometimes it could be common and sometimes it could be different. For example in common interest employees and shareholders both have the common interest, which is the success of the organisation and profits which leads to the high dividend for the shareholders and job security for the employees, in the same way suppliers have the interest in expansion and success of the organisation. And in conflicting interest, if an organisation is making profits, wages will rise and it is an expense of dividend but shareholder will not like it. Sometimes organisational growth could be expense of the local community or the environment in general. Organisations have to do the strategic planning for their better future so they can void most elements that can affect it in the future. For example External Pressures (competitors, customers, suppliers, pressure groups and government) and Internal Pressure (managers, managerial commitments, employees and unions). Government can influence the organisations by bringing the new laws, high taxation or by changing the existing laws. Power: Internal stakeholders has a great influence on the organisations because of the authorities and power they have. If the internal stakeholders are satisfy with the facilities and organisational environment/atmosphere , where they work the conditions are good, they will enjoy being working in this kind of environment, but if it is not they can disrupt the organisational plans. Sometimes they can bring uncertainty in the plans and all the organisations needs and depends on the stakeholders. Internal stakeholders have power to delay the performance of strategy and they can threaten the organisational actions or they might refuse to work somewhere else. Shareholders rights to vote and selling their share can make an organisation very vulnerable to make progress. Financial institutes can refuse credit because of organisation’s bad credit history, they can charge high interests or even can take some legal actions for non-payment and in very extreme conditions initiate moves to liquid ate the organisation. Suppliers can demand for high prices in future or even can refuse credit. Customers, who brings the cash flow in the organisations and keep it alive, can go somewhere else where they can get better value for their money, which is not a good sign for any organisation. Government has the power to change any law or to bring the new laws which can affect the progress of an organisation, increasing the taxation, government spending and more legal action can disrupt the future strategies of any organisation. Environmental pressure groups has power to motivate the external stakeholders refusing to buy products/goods or services or by publicising organisational activities as unacceptable. Q. How can organisations manage shareholder conflicts and handle issue of ethics, corporate governance and regulation? A. Corporate Governance: â€Å"Corporate Governance refers to the influence and power of stakeholders to control the strategic direction of the organisation in general and more specifically, the chief executive and other senior officers of the organisation†; {Corporate Strategy. Richard Lynch} â€Å"Corporate Governance is a key element in enhancing investor confidence, promoting competitiveness, and ultimately improving economic growth†. (James Wolfensohn, president of World Bank) Corporate governance have a very close relationship with strategy arises from the opportunities given the senior level management to influence the future goals, objects and purpose of the organisation. This senior level management or managers are generally the directors of the organisations. Sometimes public bodies can also have structures of corporate governance and it helps to cover the major issues of any non-profitable sector including the monitoring of the public services, quality and the value for the money achieve by tax payer and charity givers. Corporate governance’s main priority is to protect the shareholders of any organisation, it also helps to protect the overall status of an organisation and its objects against deceitful activities by its directors and officers. In the best interest of an organisation, its business and its shareholders, the directors must always make decisions without bias. Because they are the one who are responsible of the success of an organisation and bring the maximum profit for its shareholders. It should be done ethically and according to the laws and regulations of the framework of the organisation. Corporate governance gives strong confidence to the shareholders that organisation is being well monitored and directors are performing in the way they should. â€Å"Corporate governance is a broad term that has to do with the manner in which the rights and responsibilities are shared among owners, managers and shareholders of a given company. In essence, the exact structure of the corporate governance will determine what rights, responsibilities, and privileges are extended to each of the corporate participants, and to what degree each participant may enjoy those rights. Generally, the foundation for any system of corporate governance will be determined by several factors, all of which help to form the final form of governing the company†. { http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-corporate-governance.htm} Corporate governance plans different strategies to achieve the shareholders satisfaction. It helps to build the commitment between the managers and shareholders regarding the organisational goals and objectives. It provides a flow of positive information and disaggregation of financial information. Finally the target of maximizing shareholder’s wealth helps planned a strategy and sets valuable objectives for managerial decisions. â€Å"The value of the organisation need to be reflected in its purpose and possibly its mission statement, even the absence of value in the mission itself about the organisation and its view about its role in society, such matters may well reflect the role that the organisation sees itself playing in society, if any, and the responsibilities that flow from this† {Corporate Strategy, Richard Lynch} Ethical contemplation may influence corporate strategy at a numbers of levels. For some particular organisations it can be diverse, it doesn’t apply only that how an organisation dealt with its competitors or world at large but it also apply on the many other individuals, who are related with this particular organisation. It can be a customer or a worker. Ethical issues play a key part in the success of any organisation. Any organisation can achieve a good or bad reputation simply the way it behaves with its customers or individuals. Some organisations believe what they are only for making the profits, and ignore their ethical and social responsibilities. They think that the society is quite capable of looking after itself and just concentrate on looking after their shareholders. but on the other hands some believe that they have a responsibilities and role beyond this. This kinds of views in long term are beneficial for the organisation and for the shareholders. These views and mission statement helps for the good provisions for workers, strong ethical beliefs and standards and sponsorship of outside initiatives. In every society such considerations are sometimes unavoidable. These considerations may be very important to perform in that society such as environmental issues that goes beyond legal limits. Maximising of profits or money making is not wrong but it is the way in which some organisation act, and that brings the problem of ethical responsibility/behaviour. The concern of ethics is part of the professionalization of organisations, like welfare of the staff, job security and good environment for staff and customers. Ethical issues are very sensitive and should be dealt with in a highly professional manner. By dealing with ethical issues that an organisation is facing, managers are better able to understand and classify their own moral beliefs. Q: Critically analyse the content and relevance of the mission statements for each of the three different organisations (Pg165), with regards to their goals values and objectives. Tata steel: The history to Tata Steel is more than one hundred year old and was the vision and hardship of a single man, â€Å"Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata†. It is also known as TISCO (Tata Iron and Steel Company Limited). It largest steel company in India and it world’s fifth largest steel company. It took a very long and difficult time to Tata steel to reach at this stage as it is now. Over the daces this company has manage to build up different avenues of effective steel exploitation and predictable intelligence in more than one way. In the days of industrial revolution Tata steel was struggling but the modern scientific methods from the west, helps Tata steel a lot to survive and it is now recognised as a leader in steel industry in India. Vision and mission: â€Å"We aspire to be the global steel industry benchmark for Value Creation and Corporate Citizenship.† Vision Our people, by fostering team work, nurturing talent, enhancing leadership capability and action with pace, pride and passion. Our offer, by becoming the supplier of choice, delivering premium products and services, and creating value for our customers. Our innovative approach, by developing leading edge solutions in technology, processes and products. Our conduct, by providing a safe working place, respecting the environment, caring for our communities and demonstrating high ethical standards. MISSION: Consistent with the vision and values of founder Jamsetji Tata, Tata Steel strives to strengthen India’s industrial base through the effective utilization of staff and materials. The means envisaged to achieve this are high technology and productivity, consistent with modern management practices. Tata steel recognizes that while honesty and integrity are the essential ingredients of a strong and stable enterprise, profitability provides the main spark for economic activity. Overall, the Company seeks to scale the heights of excellence in all that it does in an atmosphere free from fear, and thereby reaffirms its faith in democratic values. {www.tatasteel.com} Conclusion: In Tata Steel’s vision and mission statement it is very clear that this organisation is not only concentrating on profit maximisation to keep the shareholders happy but it seems to be very promising about the ethical standard, working conditions and facilities for their workers. This is the key point for any organisation to survive and flourish for a long time. Tata steel manage to survive over a hundred years by their great commitment to becoming the first choice as a supplier by providing the best products, services and creating the value for their customers, by using the modern technology to process their products. In all these processes they are concern about the environment and communities too. By keeping a good reputation in industrial territory, they are building a good image of India in all over the world. Tata steel’s main object is to become a leader in steel industry by suing all its available resources in an excellent manor and keep happy to all its existing customers and make new customers to bring the maximum profit by keeping its workers satisfy. It is a very challenging object but not impossible. THE METROPOLITAN POLICE: Every country and society have their own police officers, they are there to protect the people and their properties. Police works under the government in order to keep a peace and stability in the society. Government make laws for the betterment of the society and police enforce it, so the communities and societies can benefit. It is very challenging job, they have to be ready all the time for anything might happen. They have authority to catch any body if they are breaking the law or making threats for the society. In all police are there to keep a balance in the community so that people can relax. But in my country satiation is completely upside down. There police can arrest anybody criminal or innocent, in order to take bribe. Mission: Working together for a safer London Increasing public confidence and satisfaction Preventing and reducing crime, disorder and vulnerability Increasing safety and security Improving quality of service Being efficient and effective Values: Working together with all our citizens, all our partners, all our colleagues: We will have pride in delivering quality policing, there is no greater priority We will build trust by listening and responding We will respect and support each other and work as a team We will learn from experience and find ways to be even better {www.met.police.uk} Metropolitan Police is a non-profitable organisation and its purpose is to meet the needs of people in the community through their services. Like all other organisations, Met police have its own motivations, goals and objects to achieve, which are stated in their mission statement. A non-profitable organisation means, an organisation which is not concern about distributing the dividends to its owners but doing good work and providing the relevant services within the communities. In this case Met Police is helping to provide the safer living standard to the communities. By providing these services Met police does not ask for anything in return from communities, almost everybody who is working within this organisation get paid by the government, apart from the volunteer workers, who work with this organisation just for their inner satisfaction only. Villeroy Boch Villeroy Boch is a very old company and its history goes back to 1748. It started in a village of Audun-le-Tiche in Duchy of Lorraine by Francois Boch. In the beginning it stared manufacturing ceramic tableware, plates, cups, pots and tureens, in simple shapes but excellent quality. This company has achieve the international reputation through its commitment and focusing the quality of its products and still focusing on the better quality life style products. This company have its own reputation regarding to its high quality and brand name and generate the annual sale of Euro 715 million in 2009. VISION: Villeroy Boch’s vision is to â€Å"be the leading European lifestyle brand with high competence and trend-setting style for high-end design and living.† It is very clear that Villeroy Boch want to be a European leader by providing their customer good quality products. Its focus is to satisfy its customers need and demand. UNIQUENESS: Its all-inclusive approach and high degree of diversification which are focused on the two concept areas â€Å"the single-source bathroom† and â€Å"the completely laid table â€Å"Error! Hyperlink reference not valid. Product Innovations Design competence Focus on customer’s demands and choice Leader in lifestyle brand Conclusion: As it is a European leader it has to be very innovative and creative in order to survive and maintain its position in the market, it has high quality, high purchase products so it has to satisfy its customers. It is a customer valued organisation, the products and the services that are provided to customers or consumers, their needs and expatiations, values and choices are kept in mind. It has very unique resource of research to keep its reputation as a leader in the market and giving priority and keeping focus to its customer’s choices which is kept changing according to the time. REFERANCES: 1. Exploring corporate strategy; Text and Cases 2. Corporate Strategy. Richard Lynch 3. James Wolfensohn, president of World Bank 4. www.wisegeek.com/what-is-corporate-governance.htm 5. www.tatasteel.com 6. www.met.police.uk 7.www.villeroy-boch.com How to cite Strategic business management and planning, Essay examples

Turn of the screw Essay Example For Students

Turn of the screw Essay Henry James was born at two Washington Place in New York City on April 15,1843. He was the second son to Henry James, Sr., an independently wealthy intellectual, and Mary Robertson James. From 1843 to 1845, James took his first trip to Europe. He lived in New York City with his family at 58 West 14th Street. James was educated privately by governess and tutors in New York and Albany. In 1855, he traveled to Europe with his family and attended schools in Switzerland and France. In 1860, with the outbreak of the Civil War, The James family moved back to the United States and settled in Newport. James was unable to enlist in the Union army with his two younger brothers due to a back injury he received when putting out a fire. In 1863, James and his older brother William attended Harvard. James did not complete his studies to pursue his writing career. William graduated from Harvard and became one of the most prominent American philosophers and psychologists of his time. James began his professional writing career with book reviews for the North American Review. His first short story, The Story of the Year, appeared in Atlantic Monthly in 1865. In 1866, the James family moved to Cambridge, Massachusetts. James had his first novel, Watch and Ward serialized in Atlantic Monthly in 1871. In 1877, James wrote The American, while visiting Paris and Rome. In 1878, The Watch and Ward appeared in book form, and James wrote French Poets and Novelists (criticism), and The Europeans (novel). While visiting Paris and Italy in 1879, he wrote Daisy Miller (novella), An International Episode; the critical biography, Hawthorne; and The Madonna of the Future and Other Tales. The following year, he wrote the novel, Confidence, while traveling in Italy. In 1881, James wrote the novels, Washington Square and The Portrait of a Lady. He traveled back to the United States due to his mothers weakening health. Jamess mother died in February of 1882. His father died shortly a fter in December of the same year. He returned to the United States for a short period to settle family matters before leaving to establish permanent residence in England. In 1883, James published his first collected edition of novels and tales in fourteen volumes in The Siege of London (tales) and Portraits of Places (travel). In 1886, James published the novels The Bostonians and The Princess Casamassima. In the same year, he leased a flat in Kensington, England. In 1887, James traveled around Switzerland and Italy in the company of Constance Fenimore Woolson, a novelist, and grandniece to James Fenimore Cooper. In 1888, he published Partial Portraits (criticism), The Aspern Papers (tales), and The Reverbrator (novel). James published A London Life (tales) in 1889 and the following year published The Tragic Muse (novel). James wrote two unproduced plays called Theatricals. In 1898, Jamess The Turn of the Screw was serialized in Colliers Weekly January through April and was also published in book form. Between the years of 1899 and 1910, James published The Awkward Age (1899 novel), The Soft Side (1900 tales), The Sacred Front (1901 supernatural novel), The Wings of the Dove (1902 novel), The Ambassadors (1903 novel), William Wetmore and his Friends (1903 biography), The Better Sort (1903 tales), The Golden Bowl (1904 novel), The English Hours (1905 travel), The American Scene (1907 travel), The High Bid (1908 drama), Views and Reviews (1908 criticism), Julia Bride (1909 novella), Italian hours (1909 travel), and The Finer Grain (1910 tales). In 1904, James visited the United States for the first time since 1883. He suffered from a nervous disease in 1909. In 1911, James received an honorary degree from Harvard and returned to England. The following year, he earned one from Oxford University. In 1913, James wrote his autobiography entitled A Small Boy and Others. The following year, he wrote Notes on Novelists with Some Other Notes (criticism) and another autobiography entitled Notes of a Son and Brother. Deeply disturbed by World War I, as James was with all wars, James did refugee and hospital work during the war. In 1915, James became a citizen of Great Britain. On December 2nd of the same year, James suffered from a stroke. After receiving the Order of Merit from King George V, the following year, James died in Chelsea on the 28th of February. His ashes are buried with his familys in Cambridge Massachusetts. In 1917, an unfinished autobiography was published entitled, The Middle Years. (Heller)The Turn of the Screw is a story related by a young governess, who describes the haunting events that took place while she was caring for two children in an English country house during the 1840s. The Turn of the Screw can be divided into main parts: a short prologue by an unnamed narrator and an autobiographical narrative by an unnamed governess. (Heller p.8) In the prologue, a group gathered for Christmas is telling stories. One of the people tells a ghost story about the experiences of hi s sisters governess. He was a friend of the governess, and she had given him her written documentation about the events, which he read to the group. My Math Autobiography EssayThe theme of the novel, as well as the meaning of its title, depends on its interpretation. As a ghost story, its pessimistic and tragic theme focuses on the battle of good intentions versus evil forces (Vaid p.118), with evil evidently triumphing, since the governess is unable to save either of the children. (Vaid p.121) As the governess gradually recognizes the depth and intent of the evil forces surrounding the children and struggles to protect them, every event in the novel becomes another turn of the screw in the intensifying horror. If read as a psychological analysis, The Turn of the Screw has a social theme. According to Goddard, The reaction upon a sensitive and romantic nature of the narrowness of English middle-class life in the last century: that from the social angle, is the theme of the story. The sudden change of scene, the sudden immense responsibility placed on unaccustomed shoulders, the shock of unrequited affection— all of these together— were too much. The brain gives way. And what follows is a masterly tracing of the effects of repressed love and thwarted material affection. (Tompkins p.85) Each stage of the governesss lapse into hysteria or insanity becomes another turn of the psychological screw. The governess, who is the main narrator of the story, is an easy character with whom to identify. She is described very positively by the first narrator, Douglas, in the prologue of the novel as a most charming person the most agreeable person Ive ever known in her position; shed have been worthy of any whatever. (James p.2) James give the reader a sympathetic understanding of the governesss background and current situation, when Douglas describes her further as the youngest of several daughters of a poor country parson at the age of twenty taking service for the first time in the schoolroom. (James p.4) In this way, James presents the governess as a person of good character, although young and inexperienced. The reader does not resist empathizing and identifying with the governess while she tells her story throughout the remainder of the novel. The Turn of the Screw is a gothic thriller, which has inspired different levels of interpretation. It would be interesting to read various works by Edgar Allan Poe as well as Mary Shellys Frankenstein, and compare the authors techniques, style, and possible social and psychological themes. The most memorable part of the story was the conversation between the governess and the housekeeper, Mrs. Grose, in which they first discuss the first ghost, which the governess has seen. The governess gives a detailed description of the stranger she had seen outside the window. He has red hair, very red close-curling, and a pale face with straight good features and rather queer whiskers that are as red as his hair His eyes are rather sharp, strange— awfully My companions face blanched as I went on; her round eyes started and her mild mouth gaped The housekeeper identified the apparition as Peter Quint, the deceased valet of the childrens uncle. (James p.23)And became of him?She hung fire so long that I was still more mystified. He went too she brought out at last. Went where?Her expression, at this, became extraordinary. God knows where! He died.Died? I almost shrieked. She seemed fairly to square herself, plant herself more firmly to express the wonder of it. Yes. Mr. Quints dead.' The Turn of the Screw is enjoyable and highly recommendable reading because of the authors ability to build suspense through scenes like the one above, and through his effective use of irony in contrasting apparent goodness with actual evil. The governesss first impression of the children made her later discovery of their deception and evil especially shocking. Flora seemed the most beautiful child I had ever seen a beautific radiant angelic beauty (James p.7) When she met Miles, she felt she had seen him on the instant, without and within, in the great gloss of freshness, the same positive fragrance of purity, in which I had from the first moment seen his little sister everything but a sort of passion of tenderness for him was swept away by his presence. What I had then and there took him to heart for was something divine his indescribable little air of knowing nothing in the world but love. James p.13)Gradually, she accepts the fact that evil forces have corrupted the children. She realizes that their more than earthly beauty, their absolutely unnatural goodness is only a game a policy and a fraud. (James p.47) As Vaid points out the contrast between the apparent innocence and the real contamination of the children is the keynote of the terror produced by The Turn of the Screw.